The seven bills passed the Senate, without amendments, by 34 votes to 28 on Monday night.
Businesses can now purchase permits under the EU ETS to use for compliance under Australia’s system from 2015.
From 2015, Australia will have the same carbon price as that applying in 31 other countries with a combined population of more than 500 million people.
Minister for Climate Change and Energy Efficiency Greg Combet stated, "before the carbon price started on 1 July, the Opposition Leader claimed it would cause wholesale wealth destruction, the loss of hundreds of thousands of jobs and the closure of hundreds of business".
"We are now 150 days into carbon pricing and unemployment is low, inflation is low, growth is solid, investment is strong and the emissions-intensity of our economy is declining."
But opposition senators have not stopped railing against the carbon tax and have vowed to repeal it in government.
Liberal senator Mathias Cormann described the carbon tax as a shambles. "It is bad for Australia, it is bad for Australian families, it is bad for Australian small businesses, it is bad for the Australian economy," Cormann said.
"It makes us less competitive internationally while pushing up the cost of living and at the same time doing absolutely nothing to help reduce global emissions. It should be scrapped."
Nationals senator Ron Boswell said renewable energy targets and the carbon price were driving up electricity prices.
"Australia is in an expensive energy hole right now because of the carbon tax, and it is time we stop digging," Boswell told the upper house.
Labor senator Lisa Singh said carbon pricing was one of the most significant changes to the Australian economy. "It will have an important and enduring effect on the way businesses calculate the environmental cost of their activities," she said.
Singh said Australia wasn't going alone and, from 2013, 850 million people would live in places where there was some form of carbon pricing in place.
The package of bills now proceed for royal assent.
The bills were passed as findings from The Essential Research released on Monday showed 46% of people supported the carbon price, while 44% opposed it.
